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Page 1
Record of witness testimony No. 271
(Text, Manuscript)
Language
Polish
Persons
Kosmowska, Wanda
, 1921-
(interviewee)
Miklaszewska, Helena
, 1906-2000
(interviewer)
Origin
Lund
, 1946-04-12
Physical description
ff. 14
Format:
Non digital + Digital, reformatted digital
Abstract
This document is part of a series of interviews with former prisoners of Nazi concentration camps. The interviews were conducted in 1945-1946 by the Polish Research Institute in Lund.
Accused of spreading Polish propaganda, the witness was arrested and transported to the Ravensbrück concentration camp in July 1940. The newly arrived prisoners were told to turn in all items in their possession. Shortly afterwards they were herded over to the bathhouse where they were ordered to change their clothes. The prison population was mixed – Polish, German and Romani inmates had to share the same barracks. In September 1941, nine new build barracks were put into operation. Johanna Langefeld served as the chief guard at Ravensbrück and she was responsible for transferring of prisoners to the new barracks. In 1942, prisoners were allowed to receive food parcels from their relatives. Inmates who worked outside the camp were able to “organize” some vegetables. They used to trade food for clothing which was strictly forbidden. The Nazi guards were quite brutal in their handling of prisoners who tried to smuggle in food to the camp. Prisoners who did not follow the camp regulations were punished. During three years, the witness worked at a private company, making wooden shoes. The living conditions worsened particularly as food became scarce. In 1943, the prison population increased, the daily bread ration decreased and the camp became horribly overcrowded.
Notes
About the collection: At the end of World War II approximately 20,000 Nazi concentration camp prisoners were evacuated to Sweden. Many of them were Polish citizens. In order to document their experiences, Zygmunt Łakociński founded the Polish Research Institute in Lund. The collection contains 512 in-depth interviews with survivors, materials that they brought with them to Sweden, and also other material that the institute collected, compiled, and created.
External links
The Polish Research Institute collection
Document type
Interview
Subject, topics
Clothing
Clogs
Trade
Food
Barracks (Interior)
Sanitary conditions
Parcels
Work crews
Protection
Punishment
Diseases
Wages
Psychological abuse
Catholic interviewee
Female interviewee
Subject, geographic
Ravensbrück
Contact
Contact us
Location
Lund University Library
Helgonabacken
Box 3
221 00 Lund
The Polish Research Institute in Lund (PIZ)
Identifiers (general)
urn:nbn:se:alvin:portal:record-102981
(nbn)
Identifiers (local)
alvin-record:102981
(alvin)
Licensing of the work
Public Domain Mark (No Known Copyright)
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Link to record
Permanent link
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:alvin:portal:record-102981
Direct link
https://www.alvin-portal.org/alvin/view.jsf?pid=alvin-record:102981
Appendix
Download document (PDF)
Download document (PDF), 9421 KB
Transcription (PDF)
Transcription (PDF), 261 KB
Translation (PDF)
Translation (PDF), 276 KB
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About Alvin
Alvin is a platform where digitized cultural heritage and digital collections are preserved and made available, as well as a catalogue of materials not yet digitized.
Copyright
All digitized materials in Alvin may be downloaded and used freely!